Stricter legislation about pollution of the sea, limits and, in some instances, completely bans the discharge of untreated wastewater, sewage, waste oil and sludge. The ultimate situation of no discharge can be achieved by the use of a suitable incinerator. When used in conjunction with a sewage plant and with facilities for burning oil sludges, the incinerator forms a complete waste disposal package.
Incinerator operations can be separated into three functions. The blending and feeding of the wastes, the operation of the incinerator and the removal and disposal of ash and other residues. The breakdown of any of these functions means the incinerator is not going to operate.
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One type of incinerator. The combustion chamber is a vertical cylinder lined with refractory material. An auxiliary oil-fired burner is used to ignite the refuse and oil sludge and is thermostatically controlled to minimise fuel consumption. A sludge burner is used to dispose of oil sludge, water and sewage sludge and works in conjunction with the auxiliary burner.
Combustion air is provided by a forced draught fan and swirls upwards from tangential ports in the base. A rotating-arm device accelerates combustion and also clears ash and non-combustible matter into an ash hopper. The loading door is interlocked to stop the fan and burner when opened.
Solid material, usually in sacks, is burnt by an automatic cycle of operation. Liquid waste is stored in a tank, heated and then pumped to the sludge burner where it is burnt in an automatic cycle. After use the ash box can be emptied overboard.
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